1. Birta Womic: Awoodaha Wax Soo Saarka & Xoogga Shirkadda
Womic Steel Group waa shirkad soo saare sare ah iyo dhoofiye caalami ah oo leh in ka badan 20 sano oo khibrad u leh soo saarista alaabada tuubooyinka birta aan daxalka lahayn. Xaruntayada gaarka ah ee wax soo saarka tuubooyinka alxanka ee TP304N waxay isticmaashaa teknoolojiyado alxan oo horumarsan oo badan oo leh kuleyl la xakameeyey si loo ilaaliyo maadada nitrogen ee ku jirta birta alxanka:
- Khadka Alxanka Korontada ee ERW (Alxanka iska caabbinta Korontada):Dhexroorka laga bilaabo 6.35mm ilaa 610mm (1/4″ – 24″), dhumucda derbiga waa 0.5mm ilaa 12.7mm. Alxanka soo noqnoqda oo leh cabbirro la hagaajiyay si loo hayo naytarojiin. Ku habboon tuubooyinka TP304N ee dhexroorkoodu yar yahay ilaa dhexdhexaadka ah ee cadaadiska iyo codsiyada qaab-dhismeedka.
- Khadka EFW (Alxanka Isku-dhafka Korontada):Dhexroorka laga bilaabo 219mm ilaa 1219mm (8″ – 48″), dhumucda derbiga waa 4.0mm ilaa 50mm. TIG (GTAW) oo leh marinnada buuxinta SAW, iyadoo la isticmaalayo bir buuxin oo isku mid ah (ER304N ama ER308 oo leh nitrogen).
- Khadka LSAW / SAWL ee loogu talagalay birta aan miridhku lahayn:Dhexroorka laga bilaabo 406mm ilaa 1524mm (16″ – 60″), dhumucda derbiga ilaa 50mm. Alxanka qaansada ee ku dhex jira saxannada TP304N ee la duubay.
Dhammaan tuubooyinka alxanka leh ee TP304N waxay maraan daadinta xalka (kuleylka) heerkul ah 1040-1120°C ka dibna biyaha ayaa la damiyaa si loo ilaaliyo nitrogen-ka xalka adag loona soo celiyo iska caabbinta daxalka, ka dibna la miiray oo la nuugay.
Shahaadooyinka Tayada & U Hoggaansanaanta Sharciyeynta:
- ISO 9001: 2015 Shahaado haysta
- PED 2014/68/EU (Calaamaynta CE) ee qalabka cadaadiska
- EN 10204 3.2 Shahaadada oo leh xaqiijin dhinac saddexaad (TÜV, BV, SGS, LR)
- Kormeerka Dhinac Saddexaad (TPI) oo ay ansixisay SGS, BV, ABS, DNV, TÜV
- Xeerka Maraakiibta Cadaadiska iyo Kuleylka ASME (Qaybta VIII, Qaybta 1) marka la codsado
Womic Steel waxay siisaa tuubooyinka alxanka TP304N in ka badan 40 waddan oo ku kala yaal warshadaha cadaadiska, dhismaha, iyo kiimikada.
Dabacsanaanta Wax-soo-saarka:
- ERW: 6.35–610mm OD × 0.5–12.7mm WT × ≤ 12m
- EFW: 219–1219mm OD × 4.0–50mm WT × ≤ 12m (ka dheer marka la codsado)
- LSAW: 406–1524mm OD × 6.0–50mm WT × ≤ 18m
- Xulashooyinka dhammaystirka: La dubay oo la shiiday, la dhalaaliyay, la safeeyey (180# ilaa 320#)
2. ASTM A312 TP304N: Qaab-dhismeedka Agabka & Astaamaha Waxqabadka
ASTM A312 TP304N waa nooc ka mid ah birta aan lahayn ee 304 ee caadiga ah oo ay nitrogen ku xoogaysanayso. Nitrogen (0.10-0.16%) wuxuu bixiyaa xoojinta xalka adag, kordhinta xoogga wax soo saarka qiyaastii 35% iyadoo la ilaalinayo isku-xidhnaan aad u fiican, adkaysi, iyo iska caabinta daxalka. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa qaybaha derbiga ee khafiifka ah inay helaan isla qiimaynta cadaadiska, iyagoo yareynaya miisaanka iyo kharashka.
Halabuurka Kiimikada (Falanqaynta Ladle, boqolkiiba cuf ahaan):
| Walax | TP304N (ASTM A312) | TP304 (isbarbardhigga) |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | ≤ 0.08 |
| Mn | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 2.00 |
| P | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.045 |
| S | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 |
| Si | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 1.00 |
| Cr | 18.0 – 20.0 | 18.0 – 20.0 |
| Ni | 8.0 – 11.0 | 8.0 – 11.0 |
| N | 0.10 – 0.16 | ≤ 0.10 |
| Fe | Dheelitirnaan | Dheelitirnaan |
Sifooyinka Farsamada (Heerkulka Qolka, Xalka la isku daray):
| Hantida | TP304N | TP304 |
| Xoogga Wax Soo Saarka (ugu yaraan, 0.2% ka-dhimis) | 275 MPa (39,900 psi) | 205 MPa (30,000 psi) |
| Xoogga Tijaabada (daqiiqad) | 550 MPa (79,800 psi) | 515 MPa (74,700 psi) |
| Dheereynta (ugu yaraan, cabbirka 50mm) | 35% | 40% |
| Adkaanta (ugu badnaan) | 90 HRB | 90 HRB |
Sifooyinka Jirka:
- Cufnaanta: 7.93 g/cm³
- Modulus of Relasticity: 200 GPa (29 × 10⁶ psi)
- Qaboojinta Kulaylka: 16.2 W/m·K at 100°C
- Isugeynta Ballaarinta Kulaylka: 17.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C)
Iska caabbinta Daxalka:
- Waxay la mid tahay 304 inta badan deegaannada (iska caabbinta wanaagsan ee asiidhyada oksaydhka, asiidhyada dabiiciga ah)
- Iska caabbinta godka oo yara fiicnaatay sababtoo ah nitrogen (PREN ≈ 19-20 vs 18 ee 304)
- Iska caabin aad u fiican oo ku saabsan daxalka intergranular ka dib alxanka (marka si habboon loo damiyo xalka)
- Kuma habboona adeegga koloriinta heerkulka deegaanka ka sarreeya (isticmaal 316N ama laba-laable oo loogu talagalay koloriinta)
Faa'iidooyinka Muhiimka ah ee ka sarreeya 304:
- 35% xoog wax soo saar oo sarreeya ayaa u oggolaanaya derbiyada khafiifka ah (hoos u dhigista miisaanka 20-25%)
- Cadaadis sare oo la oggol yahay sida ku cad Qaybta VIII ee ASME ee xididdada cadaadiska
- Alxanka la barbar dhigi karo iyo qaab-dhismeedka
- Iska caabin yar oo ka wanaagsan tuurista
3. U hoggaansanaanta Heerka Cabbirka iyo Heerarka
| Shay | Faahfaahinta |
| Heerka Caadiga ah | ASTM A312 / ASME SA312 (sidoo kale A358, A249) |
| Habraacyada Wax Soo Saarka | ERW, EFW, LSAW |
| Kala duwanaanshaha Dhexroorka Dibadda | ERW: 6.35 - 610mm; EFW/LSAW: 219 - 1524mm |
| Kala duwanaanshaha Dhumucda Darbiga | ERW: 0.5 - 12.7mm; EFW/LSAW: 4.0 - 50mm |
| Jadwalka Kala Duwan | 5S, 10S, 40S, 80S (loogu talagalay NPS 1/8″ – 48″) |
| Kala Duwanaanta Dhererka | Heerka: 6m; La dheereeyey: 12m, 18m, ilaa 24m |
| Dhammaadka Dhammaadka | Dhamaadka Caadiga ah (PE), Dhamaadka La Jaray (BE) |
| Dhammaadka Dusha Sare | La shiiday & la shiiday, la dhalaaliyay, la safeeyey |
| Dulqaadka | OD: ±0.5% ama ±3.2mm; WT: ±12.5% (sida ASTM A999); Dhererka: +50mm / -0mm |
4. Cabbirrada iyo Tilmaamaha La Heli Karo – Tuubada Birta A312 TP304N ee Alxanka leh ee Birta ah
| NPS | OD (mm) | Jadwalka | WT (mm) | Miisaanka (kg/m) | Dhererka Caadiga ah | Codsiga Caadiga ah |
| 1/2" | 21.3 | 10S | 2.11 | 1.00 | 6m | Khadka Haydarooliga |
| 3/4" | 26.7 | 10S | 2.11 | 1.28 | 6m | Qiyaasta kiimikada |
| 1" | 33.4 | 10S | 2.77 | 2.09 | 6m | Biyo cadaadis sare leh |
| 1-1/2" | 48.3 | 10S | 2.77 | 3.11 | 6m | Khadka Hawsha |
| 2" | 60.3 | 10S | 2.77 | 3.93 | 6m / 12m | Markabka cadaadiska |
| 3" | 88.9 | 10S | 3.05 | 6.46 | 6m / 12m | Tiirka qaab-dhismeedka |
| 4" | 114.3 | 10S | 3.05 | 8.37 | 6m / 12m | Beddelaha kulaylka |
| 6" | 168.3 | 10S | 3.40 | 13.8 | 6m / 12m | Warshadda Warqadda |
| 8" | 219.1 | 10S | 3.76 | 20.0 | 12m | Dabaqa sare ee xeebta |
| 10″ | 273.0 | 10S | 4.19 | 27.8 | 12m | Taageerada qaab-dhismeedka |
| 12" | 323.9 | 10S | 4.57 | 36.0 | 12m | Madaxa ugu weyn |
| 16" | 406.4 | 10S | 4.78 | 47.4 | 12m | Qolofka weelka cadaadiska |
| 20″ | 508.0 | 10S | 5.54 | 68.6 | 12m | Dhexroor weyn |
| 24" | 609.6 | 10S | 6.35 | 94.4 | 12m | Taangiga kaydinta |
Cabbirrada gaarka ah ee ka baxsan heerarkan ayaa la heli karaa. TP304N waxay u oggolaanaysaa derbiyada khafiifka ah marka loo eego 304 si loo helo qiimeyn cadaadis oo isku mid ah.
5. Heerarka iyo Darajooyinka Birta Aan Daxalka Ahayn ee Caadiga ah oo ay soo saartay Womic Steel
| Heerka Caadiga ah | Darajooyinka Birta | Codsiga Caadiga ah | Habka Alxanka |
| ASTM A312 | TP304N, TP304, TP304L, TP316N, TP316 | Adeeg daxal leh, cadaadis | ERW/EFW/LSAW |
| ASTM A358 | TP304N, TP304, TP316 | Isku-darka korontada | EFW |
| ASTM A249 | TP304N | Kuleyliye, kuleyliye sare, beddelaha kulaylka | ERW/EFW |
| ASTM A312 | TP304L, TP316L | Adeegga guud ee daxalka | ERW/EFW/LSAW |
| EN 10217-7 | 1.4315 (304N) | Ujeeddooyinka cadaadiska | SAW/ERW |
Isticmaalka:Maraakiibta cadaadiska, qaybaha dhismaha, tuubooyinka badda, farsamaynta kiimikada, beddelayaasha kulaylka, qalabka warshadaynta waraaqaha.
6. Habka Wax Soo Saarka - Tuubooyinka Birta Aan Lahayn ee Alxanka leh (ERW, EFW, LSAW)
Habka ERW (Alxanka iska caabbinta korontada) - Dhexroor yar ilaa dhexdhexaad ah (6.35–610mm OD):
1. Kormeerka Walxaha Ceeriin (Xariijin/Galgariir):Xarig TP304N ah ayaa la xaqiijiyay inuu ka kooban yahay (Cr 18-20%, Ni 8-11%, N 0.10-0.16%). Muraayad kastaa waxay leedahay lambar kulayl oo gaar ah.
2. Furitaanka iyo Simanka
3. Jarista Cidhifka Xarigga
4. Samaynta:Samaynta duub joogto ah.
5. Alxanka Soo Noqnoqda Sare:Kuleylka la hagaajiyay (≤ 1.5 kJ/mm) si loo hayo naytaroojiin. Xawaaraha sare ayaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo.
6. Xididdada tolida:Daadinta kicinta oo ay ku xigto daminta biyaha.
7. Cabbirka iyo Toosinta
8. Goynta Dhererka
9. NDT:Tijaabada hadda jirta ee Eddy (100%) + UT ikhtiyaari ah.
10.Qaboojinta Xalka (Tuubo Buuxa):1040-1120°C, biyaha oo damiya. Muhiim u ah milmida nitrides-ka iyo soo celinta sifooyinka.
11.Imtixaanka Hydrostatic-ka
12.Qajaar iyo Neefsasho
13.Xaqiijinta PMI (XRF) iyo Nitrogen (haddii la cayimay)
14.Kormeerka Kama Dambeysta ah iyo Calaamadaynta
Habka EFW (Alxanka Isku-dhafka Korontada) - Dhexroorka Weyn (219–1219mm OD, 4.0–50mm WT):
1. Diyaarinta Saxanka:Saxanka TP304N, geesaha godan (X bevel).
2. Samaynta Duubka
3. Alxanka Tack
4. Tigidhka Rootka ee TIG (GTAW):Buuxiye isku mid ah (ER308 ama ER304N), gaas argon ah oo gadaal u taagan.
5. Buuxinta iyo Kaarka SAW:SAW-ga badan ee la mariyo oo leh kuleyl la xakameeyey (≤ 1.8 kJ/mm), dhexda ≤ 150°C.
6. Alxanka Gudaha
7. Tijaabada raajada 100%(sida ASTM A358)
8. Xalka qaboojinta:Daawaynta kulaylka tuubada oo dhammaystiran (1040-1120°C), daminta biyaha.
9. Qajaar iyo Neefsasho
10.Imtixaanka Hydrostatic-ka
11.Kormeerka Cabbirka iyo Calaamadaynta
Habka LSAW ee loogu talagalay Dareeraha aan miridhku lahayn - Dhexroor aad u weyn (406–1524mm OD, 6.0–50mm WT):
- UOE ama JCOE oo ka samaysan saxanka TP304N
- Alxanka SAW ee laba-geesoodka ah
- Xalka oo buuxa ka dib alxanka
Tixgelinno Gaar ah oo loogu talagalay TP304N:
- Baaxadda Nitrogen-ka waa in la xakameeyaa si looga fogaado roobabka Nitrogen-ka
- Heerkulka hawo-qaboojinta xalka oo heer sare ah (1080-1120°C) si loo milmo nitrides-ka
- Biyo-daminta biyaha waa qasab si loo ilaaliyo nitrogen-ka xalka adag
- Waxyaabaha alxanka laga isticmaalo waa inay lahaadaan maadada nitrogen ee la mid ah (ER308L oo lagu daray N)
7. Nidaamyada Xakamaynta Tayada & Tijaabada ee Tuubooyinka Birta Aan Lakabaysan ee ASTM A312 TP304N
| Masraxa | Habka Kormeerka | Ujeeddo |
| Walxaha Ceeriin | Falanqaynta Kiimikada (OES + Gubista N) | Xaqiiji TP304N (N 0.10-0.16%, Cr 18-20%, Ni 8-11%) |
| Walxaha Ceeriin | Tijaabada Tijaabada | Xaqiiji wax soo saarka ≥ 275 MPa, istaroog ≥ 550 MPa |
| Walxaha Ceeriin | Adkaanta | ≤ 90 HRB |
| Hawlgalka socda | Kormeerka Kuleylka gelinta | ≤ 1.8 kJ/mm |
| Alxanka (ERW) | Eddy Current (100%) | Daacadnimada alxanka |
| Alxanka (EFW/LSAW) | 100% UT (ama PAUT) | Soo ogow cilladaha alxanka |
| Alxanka (EFW/LSAW) | RT (meel ama 100% halkii qeexitaan) | Tayada alxanka |
| Alxanka | Rinjiga Rinjiga (PT) | Dildilaaca dusha sare |
| Ka dib marka la buufiyo xalka | Imtixaanka Adkaanta | ≤ 90 HRB |
| Ka dib marka la buufiyo xalka | Xaqiijinta Nitrogen (haddii la cayimay) | Xaqiiji waxa ku jira N ee ku jira tuubada la dhammeeyey |
| Tuubbo Dhammaystiran | Imtixaanka Hydrostatic-ka | Daacadnimada cadaadiska |
| Tuubbo Dhammaystiran | Laab siman / La hago | Ductility |
| Tuubbo Dhammaystiran | PMI (XRF) | Xaqiiji darajada (Cr, Ni) |
| Tuubbo Dhammaystiran | Muuqaal & Calaamadayn | Raad-raac |
Imtixaanada Ikhtiyaarka ah:
- Tijaabada heerkulka oo sareeya (haddii loo baahdo naqshadaynta)
- Tijaabada daxalka (ASTM G48) ee loogu talagalay adeegga muhiimka ah
- Tijaabada daxalka ee isku-dhafan (ASTM A262 Practice E)
8. Codsiyada Aasaasiga ah - ASTM A312 TP304N Tuubo Bir ah oo aan Lakab lahayn oo la alxan
1. Maraakiibta cadaadiska iyo haamaha kaydinta:Cadaadiska sare ee la oggol yahay sida ku cad Qaybta VIII ee ASME wuxuu u oggolaanayaa derbiyada khafiifka ah (20-25% keydinta miisaanka) marka la barbar dhigo 304.
2. Qaybaha dhismaha ee deegaannada miridhku ka baxo:Taageero sare oo madal ah oo ka baxsan xeebta, qaab-dhismeedka warshadaha kiimikada, tiirarka warshadda cuntada. Xoogga sare wuxuu yareeyaa cabbirka qaybaha.
3. Tuubooyinka dusha sare ee madal dibadda ah:Tuubooyinka habka loo sameeyo halkaasoo loo baahan yahay qiimeyn cadaadis sare laakiin aan loo baahnayn duplex. TP304N waxay bixisaa xoog dhexdhexaad ah.
4. Habaynta kiimikada (nidaamyada cadaadiska sare):Tuubooyinka soo galaya/bixitaanka ee fal-galiyaha, khadadka wareejinta cadaadiska sare leh halkaas oo 304 aysan ku filnayn laakiin 316L aad loo cayimay.
5. Qolofka iyo tuubooyinka beddela kulaylka:Cadaadiska dhinaca qolofka waa la kordhin karaa iyada oo aan qolofka dhumuc lahayn. Tuubooyinka waxay yeelan karaan derbiyo khafiif ah si loo helo wareejin kuleyl oo wanaagsan.
6. Qalabka warshadda waraaqaha:Khadadka afuufa ee dheefshiidka, tuubooyinka diyaarinta kaydka halkaas oo xoog sare uu iska caabiyo nabaad-guurka-daxalka.
7. Warshadaha khamriga iyo dhuumaha caanaha:Nidaamyada CIP (Clean-In-Place) ee cadaadiska sare leh iyo khadadka badeecadaha oo ka shaqeeya 10-15 baar.
8. Khadadka Haydarooliga:Qalabka iyo khadadka xakamaynta ee u baahan cadaadis qarax oo ka sarreeya 304.
9. Maydhayaasha bamka iyo waalka:Qaybaha la shubay ama la sameeyay (waxay ku beddelaan 304 xoog sare).
10.Nidaamyada daaweynta biyaha ee cadaadiska sare leh:Khadadka quudinta osmosis-ka ee dib u laabashada (qiimaynta cadaadiska sare).
11.Qaab-dhismeedka dhismaha:Meesha xoogga sare uu u oggolaanayo astaamo khafiif ah (gacmo-gashi, taageerooyin).
9. Baakadaha & Maraakiibta - ASTM A312 TP304N Tuubo Bir ah oo aan Lakab lahayn oo ASTM A312 TP304N ah
Baakadaha:
- Ilaalinta ka hortagga daxalka:Tuubooyinka saliid lagu daray ama warqadda VCI. Cuntada/samaynta, haraaga saliidda ma jiraan (duub balaastig ah).
- Daboolka ugu dambeeya:Koofiyado balaastig ah oo loogu talagalay darafyo godan.
- Xidhmo (Dhexdhexaad yar):Xirmooyin leh xarig bir ah iyo warqad isdhaafsan.
- Baakad shaqsiyeed (dhexroor weyn):Duub filim balaastig ah.
- Sanduuqyo alwaax ahcodsiyada muhiimka ah.
Rarista:
- Weelasha oo ah ≤ 610mm, oo ah kuwa ugu badan ee dhexroorka weyn leh.
- Dukumentiyada:MTC 3.1/3.2, warbixinta baaritaanka biyaha, warbixinnada hadda jira/UT, warbixinta PMI, warbixinta cabbirka, liiska baakadaha, COO.
10. Faa'iidooyinka iyo Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo ee Birta Womic – Tuubada Birta A312 TP304N ee Birta aan Lahayn ee la Alxanka leh ee ASTM A312
Maxaa Loola Shaqeyn Karaa Womic Steel si Loogu Sameeyo Tuubada Alxanka Leh ee TP304N?
- Cabbirka oo Dhamaystiran: ERW 1/4″ – 24″, EFW/LSAW 8″ – 60″.
- Daadinta xalka oo dhammaystiran ka dib alxanka (1040-1120°C, daminta biyaha).
- Haysashada Nitrogen-ka ayaa lagu xaqiijiyay falanqaynta gubashada.
- Xoogga sare wuxuu u oggolaanayaa derbiyada khafiifka ah - keydinta miisaanka 20-25% marka loo eego 304.
- Waqtiyada hogaaminta tartanka: 25-35 maalmood ERW, 35-50 maalmood EFW/LSAW.
- Shahaadada Caalamiga ah: ISO 9001, PED (CE), EN 10204 Nooca 3.2.
Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo (Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo) - ASTM A312 TP304N Tuubbo Alxan leh
S: Waa maxay faa'iidada TP304N marka loo eego heerka caadiga ah ee 304?
A: TP304N waxay leedahay xoog wax soo saar oo 35% ka sarreeya (275 MPa vs 205 MPa) iyadoo la ilaalinayo iska caabbinta daxalka, is-waafajinta, iyo alxanka isku midka ah. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa naqshadeeyayaasha inay isticmaalaan derbiyo khafiif ah oo loogu talagalay xididdada cadaadiska iyo tuubooyinka, iyagoo miisaanka dhimaya 20-25% iyo hoos u dhigaya kharashka agabka ee isla qiimeynta cadaadiska. Codsiyada qaab-dhismeedka, cabbirrada qaybaha yaryar ayaa la isticmaali karaa.
S: Ma TP304N ka qaalisan yahay 304?
A: Waxoogaa yar, sababtoo ah isku-darka nitrogen-ka iyo xakamaynta isku-dhafka oo adag. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, keydinta miisaanka (20-25% derbiyada khafiifka ah) badanaa waxay keentaa kharash guud oo hooseeya oo loogu talagalay codsiyada cadaadiska ku jira. Codsiyada qaab-dhismeedka halkaas oo xooggu muhiim yahay, dhimista miisaanku waxay ka dhigi kartaa qiimaha cutubka sare.
S: Ma la alxami karaa TP304N iyada oo aan la lumin nitrogen?
A: Haa, iyadoo la adeegsanayo cabbirrada alxanka saxda ah (kuleyl yar oo la geliyo, ≤ 1.8 kJ/mm) iyo birta buuxinta ee ku habboon (ER308 ama ER304N). Naytaroojiinta ku jirta birta alxanka badanaa waa 80-90% birta salka ah. Habka ERW ee Womic wuxuu adeegsadaa alxanka soo noqnoqda ee la hagaajiyay kaas oo yareeya khasaaraha nitrogen. Codsiyada muhiimka ah, alxanka ka dib alxanka wuxuu soo celiyaa qaybinta nitrogen.
S: Ma TP304N u baahan tahay daadinta xalka ka dib alxanka?
A: ASTM A312 waxay u baahan tahay daminta xalka ee tuubooyinka alxanka. TP304N, daminta xalka ee 1040-1120°C oo ay ku xigto daminta biyaha ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah in la milo nitrides kasta oo laga yaabo inay sameysmaan inta lagu jiro alxanka iyo in la soo celiyo iska caabinta daxalka oo buuxda iyo sifooyinka farsamada. Womic waxay qabataa daminta xalka dhammaan tuubooyinka alxanka ee TP304N.
S: Ma TP304N ku habboon tahay adeegga biyaha badda?
J: Laguma talinayo. TP304N waxay leedahay iska caabin la mid ah 304 (PREN ≈ 19-20). Deegaannada biyaha badda ama kuwa koloriinkoodu sarreeyo, isticmaal 316N (oo leh Mo) ama bir aan daxal lahayn oo laba jibbaaran. TP304N waxaa loogu talagalay codsiyada u baahan xoog sare oo ku yaal deegaannada aan koloriin lahayn ama kuwa koloriinkoodu hooseeyo.
S: Waa maxay cadaadiska caadiga ah ee loo oggol yahay TP304N ee Qaybta VIII ee ASME?
A: Heerkulka qolka, cadaadiska la oggol yahay ee TP304N waa qiyaastii 137 MPa (20,000 psi) marka loo eego 115 MPa (16,700 psi) ee 304 - qiyaastii 19% ka sarreeya. Qiimaha dhabta ahi wuxuu ku xiran yahay heerkulka; tixraac Qaybta II ee ASME, Qaybta D. Naqshadeeyayaashu waa inay isticmaalaan qiimayaasha cadaadiska ee saxda ah ee la oggol yahay ee loogu talagalay darajada gaarka ah.
S: Waa maxay waqtiga caadiga ah ee hogaanka loogu talagalay tuubooyinka birta aan daxalka lahayn ee TP304N?
J: 25-35 maalmood ERW (dhexroor yar ilaa dhexdhexaad ah), 35-50 maalmood EFW/LSAW (dhexroor weyn). TP304N waa heer caadi ah oo loogu talagalay warshado badan, sidaa darteed waqtiyada rasaasta waxay la mid yihiin 304.
S: Ma loo isticmaali karaa TP304N adeeg heerkul sare leh (ka sarreeya 500°C)?
A: Xoogga heerkulka sare ee TP304N wuu ka fiican yahay 304 sababtoo ah xoojinta xalka adag ee nitrogen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, adeeg joogto ah oo ka sarreeya 550°C, waxaa la door bidaa darajooyin leh kaarboon sare (304H) ama darajooyin u adkaysta gurguurta (321H, 347H). TP304N wuxuu ugu habboon yahay heerkul dhexdhexaad ah (< 425°C) halkaas oo loo baahan yahay xoog.
11. Tixraaca Mashruuca - Taageerada Tuubooyinka iyo Qaab-dhismeedka Madal Dibadda (Brazil)
Dalka:Brazil (Campos Basin, xeebta Rio de Janeiro)
Heerka & Darajada:ASTM A312 TP304N (la alxamayn)
Cabbirka iyo Tirada:
- OD 219.1mm (8″) × Jadwalka 10S (3.76mm WT) – 1,200 mitir (qiyaastii 28 tan) – Habka EFW
- OD 168.3mm (6″) × Jadwalka 10S (3.40mm WT) – 1,800 mitir (qiyaastii 22 tan) – Habka ERW
- OD 114.3mm (4″) × Jadwalka 10S (3.05mm WT) – 2,500 mitir (qiyaastii 20 tan) – Habka ERW
- OD 60.3mm (2″) × Jadwalka 10S (2.77mm WT) – 3,000 mitir (qiyaastii 12 tan) – Habka ERW
- OD 406.4mm (16″) × Jadwalka 10S (4.78mm WT) – 300 mitir (qiyaastii 12 tan) – habka EFW (tiirar qaab-dhismeed)
Wadarta:8,800 mitir (8.8 km), qiyaastii 94 tan
Tilmaamaha:Xalka ASTM A312 TP304N oo la daadiyay oo la miiray, darafyo godan. Tijaabada Hydrostatic. 100% UT ee tuubooyinka EFW, hadda oo siman oo loogu talagalay ERW. PMI tuubo kasta. Tijaabada jiidista (dhalaal ≥ 275 MPa, la gaaray 310-340 MPa; jiidis ≥ 550 MPa, la gaaray 580-620 MPa). Saamaynta gariirka -20°C (ugu yaraan 27J, la gaaray 100-150J). Tijaabada daxalka isku-dhafka ah sida ku cad ASTM A262 Practice E (pass). Kormeerka dhinac saddexaad oo ay samaysay DNV Brazil.
Codsiga:Tuubooyinka habka dusha sare iyo taageerada qaab-dhismeedka ee madal wax soo saar oo ku taal Campos Basin. Gacanta tuubooyinka habka waxay soo saareen biyo iyo gaas cadaadis hooseeya 50-80°C oo leh koloriin hooseeya (biyo la daweeyay oo la soo saaray). Taageerooyinka qaab-dhismeedka waxaa loogu talagalay qalabka lagu riixo iyo meelaha lagu xiro tuubooyinka. Madalku wuxuu u baahday dhimis miisaan si loo kordhiyo cimrigiisa adeegga (walaacyada daalka). TP304N waxaa loo doortay xooggeeda wax soo saar ee 35% sare, taasoo u oggolaanaysa derbiyada khafiifka ah (Jadwalka 10S halkii laga isticmaali lahaa Jadwalka 40S) ee xubnaha tuubooyinka iyo qaab-dhismeedka labadaba.
Macnaha Injineernimada:Madalku markii hore waxaa loogu talagalay tuubooyinka 304. Iyadoo loo cusboonaysiiyay TP304N iyo yareynta dhumucda derbiga laga bilaabo Jadwalka 40S (4.55-8.18mm) ilaa Jadwalka 10S (2.77-4.78mm), kooxda injineerinka waxay gaareen dhimis miisaan 45% ah oo ku saabsan tuubooyinka iyo dhimis miisaan 30% ah oo ku saabsan taageerooyinka qaab-dhismeedka - wadarta guud ee kaydinta miisaanka oo ah 35 tan (27% miisaanka asalka ah). Tani waxay u oggolaatay madalku inay ku sii jirto miisaaniyaddeeda miisaanka sare.
Caqabadaha Farsamada iyo Xalalka:
- Miisaanka oo la dhimo iyada oo aan wax u dhimin qiimeynta cadaadiska– Xoogga wax soo saarka sare ee TP304N wuxuu u oggolaaday derbiyada khafiifka ah sida ASME B31.3. Tuubooyinka 8″, Jadwalka 10S (3.76mm) wuxuu beddelay Jadwalka 40S (8.18mm), isagoo miisaanka yareynaya 54%. Womic waxay bixisay shahaado cabbir iyo warbixinno tijaabo cadaadis. Tijaabada Hydrostatic ee 3.0 MPa ayaa la ansixiyay (cadaadiska naqshadeynta 1.8 MPa, cadaadiska tijaabada 2.7 MPa).
- Isku-xidhka xoogga birta alxanka– Birta alxanka ee ERW iyo EFW waa inay lahaadaan xoog la mid ah birta salka. Xuduudaha ERW ee Womic ee la hagaajiyay si loo gaaro hufnaanta isku-dhafka alxanka ee 95% (xoogga la jiido 560 MPa iyo saldhigga 590 MPa). Alxanka EFW ee isticmaalaya buuxinta ER308 wuxuu gaaray hufnaanta kala-goysyada 100%. Dhammaan tijaabooyinka la jiido alxanka ayaa la maray.
- Iska caabbinta daxalka marka dhumucda derbiga la dhimo– Darbiyada khafiifka ah waxay leeyihiin awood yar oo daxalka ah. Biyaha la soo saaray waa koloriin yar (< 50 ppm) oo leh pH 6.5-7.5, sidaa darteed heerka daxalka waa hooseeyaa. TP304N waxay leedahay iska caabin yar oo ka wanaagsan 304 sababtoo ah nitrogen. Womic waxay samaysay tijaabada qodista ASTM G48 (24 saacadood heerkul ah 22°C) - ma jirin qodis. Macmiilka waa la aqbalay.
- Naqshadeynta taageerada qaab-dhismeedka iyadoo la adeegsanayo TP304N– Tiirarka qaab-dhismeedka ee 16″ waxay isticmaaleen Jadwalka 10S (4.78mm) halkii ay ka isticmaali lahaayeen Jadwalka 40S (9.53mm). Falanqaynta walxaha xaddidan (FEA) waxay xaqiijisay in derbiga khafiifka ah ee leh xoogga wax-soo-saarka sare ee TP304N uu bixiyay awood culeys oo u dhiganta. Womic waxay bixisay dulqaad toosan ≤ 0.15% si loo helo xasilloonida tiirka.
- Nidaamka alxanka goobta ee TP304N– Kooxda dayactirka madalku waxay u baahdeen inay wax ka beddelaan tuubooyinka inta lagu jiro rakibidda. Womic waxay siisay WPS iyadoo adeegsanaysa GTAW oo leh buuxinta ER308, gelinta kulaylka ≤ 1.8 kJ/mm, dhex-dhexaadka ≤ 150°C. 20 kuuban oo alxan ah ayaa ka gudbay tijaabinta RT, PT, iyo tensile.
- Saadka ilaa Campos Basin– Dhuumaha waxaa laga soo raray Shanghai ilaa Rio de Janeiro, ka dibna waxaa loo raray meel ka baxsan xeebta iyada oo loo marayo markab sahay. DNV waxay baartay tuubooyinka marka la rarayo. Dhammaan 94 tan ayaa la keenay laba shixnadood muddo 5 toddobaad ah.
Natiijo:Tuubooyinka iyo taageerada qaab-dhismeedka ee madal-ka ayaa la rakibay rubuci labaad ee 2024. Kaydinta miisaanka oo ahayd 35 tan ayaa u saamaxday madal-ka inuu buuxiyo xadka miisaanka dusha sare iyada oo aan loo baahnayn xoojin qaab-dhismeed. Ka dib 12 bilood oo shaqo ah, kormeerku ma muujin wax cillado daxal ama alxan ah. Hawl-wadeenku wuxuu qorsheynayaa inuu isticmaalo TP304N casriyeynta madal-ka mustaqbalka si loo yareeyo miisaanka loona kordhiyo cimriga hantida. Womic Steel hadda waa alaab-qeybiye u qalma baahiyaha tuubooyinka birta aan miridhku lahayn ee hawl-wadeenkan.
La xiriir:
Mareegta: www.womicsteel.com
Iimayl: sales@womicsteel.com
Taleefan / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568
Womic Steel - Lamaanahaaga lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ASTM A312 TP304N tuubooyinka birta aan daxalka lahayn ee lagu dahaadhay maraakiibta cadaadiska, goobaha badda, codsiyada qaab-dhismeedka, iyo nidaamyada kiimikada ee cadaadiska sare leh adduunka oo dhan.
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