Agabka Aasaasiga ah (Taageerada)
Agabka Aasaasiga ah (Taageerada):SA-213 T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1 / 1.4903) – bir u adkaysta gariirka martensitic, 9%Cr, 1%Mo, V+Nb; heerkulka ugu badan ee adeegga 650°C
Dahaarka (dahaarka CRA):UNS N08028 (Alloy 28 / 1.4563) – aashitada sare ee austenitic (27%Cr, 31%Ni, 3.5%Mo, 1%Cu); PREN 38-40; waxay iska caabisaa aashitada sulfuric/phosphoric, chlorides-ka sare, iyo deegaan dhanaan ah
Cabbirka Kala Duwan:OD 38 – 168 mm; Dhumucda derbiga dhexe 4 – 15 mm; Dhumucda dahaarka 2.0 – 3.5 mm; dherer hal ilaa 15 m
Geedi socodka:Soo saarista kulul → dhammaystirka qabow → daawaynta kulaylka (caadaynta + hagaajinta T91, xakamaynta xalka ee Alloy 28) → soo saarista. Si buuxda u siman, alxanka dhererka leh ma jiro. Xoogga jarista isku-xidhka birta ≥300 MPa.
Heerarka:Qaybta II ee ASME Qaybta A (SA-213/SA-213M), EN10216-2 (loogu talagalay T91), ASTM SB-668 (N08028), EN10088-3 (1.4563), EN12952-2, ASTM E213, ISO 10893-10.
Tijaabada:100% hydrostatic, ultrasonic sida ku cad ASTM E213/ISO 10893-10, jilicsanaan (qolka & heerkulka sare), adkaansho, simitaan, oo lagu daray tijaabinta daxalka ee isku-dhafka ah (ASTM A262 Practice E) ee loogu talagalay dahaarka. Shahaadada EN 10204 Nooca 3.1 (Nooca 3.2 ikhtiyaari ah).
Codsiyada:Kuleyliyeyaasha ugu dambeeya ee kuleyliyaha aadka u daran / dib-u-kuleyliyaha (650°C), kuleyliyeyaasha soo kabashada kulaylka qashinka ee warshadaha aashitada sulfuric, kuleyliyeyaasha biomass/qashinka-ilaa-tamarta (daxalka koloriin), beddelayaasha kulaylka heerkulka sare leh ee hydrocarbons-ka koloriin ku jira, kuleyliyeyaasha warshadda sifeeynta oo leh quudin sulfur / koloriin sare leh.
Birta Womicwaxay bixisaa tuubo T91+Alloy 28 ah oo dahaadh ah - xalka ugu dambeeya ee isku-darka heerkulka sare iyo daxalka daran. Lagu xaqiijiyay soo saarista korontada, warshadaha aashitada, iyo qashinka-ilaa-tamarta horumarsan. Raad-raac buuxa, kormeer dhinac saddexaad ah oo diyaar ah. Nala soo xiriir si aad u hesho xog farsamo iyo xigasho gaar ah oo mashruuc ah.
1. Maxaa loo sameeyay tuubo SA-213 T91 + UNS N08028 (Alloy 28) ah oo la isku dhejiyay?
1.1 Caqabadda
Laba qalab si gooni gooni ah uma buuxin karaan shuruudaha adeegga xad-dhaafka ah:
● T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1)Waxay bixisaa xoog dillaac degdeg ah oo heer sare ah ilaa 650°C iyo iska caabin oksaydh oo wanaagsan, laakiin iska caabinteeda daxalka ee deegaannada aashitada leh, koloriin sare leh, ama dhanaanku waa xaddidan tahay. Gaaska qiiqa ee isku-dhafka ah (sulfuric/phosphoric acid) ama koloriin-ka dhinaca habka ayaa si dhakhso ah u weerara T91.
●Daawaha Adag 28 (UNS N08028)Waxay bixisaa iska caabin aad u fiican oo ku wajahan aashitada sulfuric, fosfoorik acid, chlorides sare, iyo dildilaaca daxalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa qaali mana laha xoogga gurguurta ee loo baahan yahay isticmaalka kuleyliyaha cadaadiska sare iyo heerkulka sare.
1.2 Xalka
●Tuubo T91+Daawaha ah oo 28-lakab lehwuxuu ku darayaa xudunta T91 ee qaro weyn (wuxuu qabtaa cadaadiska iyo gurguurashada) oo leh lakab gudaha ah oo khafiif ah (2-3.5 mm) oo ah Alloy 28 (wuxuu qabtaa miridhku). Xidhmadu waa bir-dhalaal - ma jiro burbur dahaar ah, ma jiro daxal dalool ah. Natiijada:
●Xudunta T91Waxay hubisaa in la waafajiyo ASME Qaybta I / EN12952 heerkulka birta ilaa 650°C.
● Dahaarka Daawaha 28Waxay iska caabisaa isku-buufinta aashitada sulfuric, koloriin badan, iyo aashitada dabiiciga ah, iyadoo ka ilaalinaysa tuubada gudaha.
●Qiimahawaa 40-60% ka hooseeya tuubada adag ee Alloy 28 oo leh qiimeyn cadaadis oo isku mid ah.
Isku-darkaan waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa:
●Qaybaha kululeeyaha/dib-u-kuleyliyaha kama dambaysta ahkuleyliyeyaasha dhuxusha ee aadka u daran halkaas oo weerarrada gaaska qiiqa (oo ay ugu wacan tahay dhuxusha sulfur badan) ay si caadi ah u isticmaali jireen T91 oo keliya.
●Kuleyliyaha soo kabashada kulaylka qashinka (WHRB)Dhirta aashitada sulfuric ee hoosteeda - gaaska waxaa ku jira SO₃, inta lagu jiro bilawga, aashitada ayaa ku ururta dusha sare ee tuubooyinka.
●Kuleyliyaha bayoomajiga / qashinka-ilaa-tamarta- koloriin badan oo ku jirta shidaalka ayaa sababa daxal daran; Dahaarka Alloy 28 ee dhinaca dabka (ama dhinaca gudaha, iyadoo ku xiran qaabka) ayaa si weyn u dheereeya cimriga tuubada.
●Isweydaarsiga kulaylka heerkulka sare lehhababka kiimikada ee ku lug leh hydrocarbons-ka chlorine-ka ah ama asiidhyada kulul.
1.3 Wadada Wax Soo Saarka
Soo saarista kulul + dhammaystirka qabow + daawaynta kulaylka + qajaarka. Hawshu waxay hubinaysaa tuubo aan kala go 'lahayn oo ka xor ah tolmada alxanka dhererka, waana meesha ugu badan ee cillad ku timaada tuubooyinka alxanka leh marka ay daal kulayl jiro.
2. Tilmaamaha Agabka - T91 Core & Alloy 28 Cladding
2.1 Halabuurka Kiimikada (% cuf ahaan)
| Walax | SA 213 T91 (Aasaaska) | UNS N08028 (Daawada 28 / Dahaarka) |
| Kaarboon (C) | 0.08 – 0.12 | ≤0.03 |
| Silikoon (Si) | 0.20 – 0.50 | ≤0.50 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.30 – 0.60 | ≤2.00 |
| Fosfooraska (P) | ≤0.020 | ≤0.030 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.010 | ≤0.015 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 8.0 – 9.5 | 26.0 – 28.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.85 – 1.05 | 3.0 – 4.0 |
| Nikkel (Ni) | ≤0.40 | 29.0 – 32.0 |
| Naxaas (Cu) | — | 0.6 – 1.4 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.18 – 0.25 | — |
| Niobium (Nb) | 0.06 – 0.10 | — |
| Naytarojiin (N) | 0.03 – 0.07 | — |
| Bir (Fe) | Dheelitirnaan | Dheelitirnaan |
T91 waa bir u adkaysta dabaysha martensitic; Alloy 28 waa bir aad u austenitic ah oo leh Cr, Ni, Mo, iyo Cu sare - taasoo siinaysa iska caabin aad u weyn asiidhyada yaraynta iyo oksaydhka, biqilka koloriinta, iyo SSC.
2.2 Sifooyinka Farsamada (Heerkulka Qolka)
| Hantida | T91 Core | Dahaarka Dahaarka 28 |
| Xoogga Wax Soo Saarka (ugu yaraan, MPa) | 415 | 220 |
| Xoogga Tijaabada (ugu yaraan, MPa) | 585 | 500 |
| Kordhinta (ugu yaraan, %) | 20 | 30 |
| Adkaanta (ugu badnaan) | 250 HB | 230 HB |
2.3 Xoogga Heerkulka Sare ee Kicinta (T91 Core)
| Heerkulka (°C) | Xoogga Jabka 100,000 saac (MPa) | Xadka 0.2% ee nuugista (MPa) |
| 550 | 150 | 120 |
| 580 | 120 | 95 |
| 600 | 100 | 80 |
| 620 | 80 | 60 |
| 650 | 55 | 40 |
Daawaha 28 looguma talagalin inuu qaado culayska heerkulka sare; doorkiisu waa ilaalinta daxalka oo keliya. Xudunta T91 waxay xanbaartaa culayska farsamada.
2.4 Iska caabbinta daxalka ee Dahaarka Alloy 28
| Deegaanka | Heerka Iska caabinta |
| Aashitada Sulfuric (xoojinta 0-80%, ilaa 80°C) | Aad u fiican |
| Asiidh fosfoorik ah (dhammaan qaybaha) | Aad u fiican |
| Aashitada hydrochloric (milixda, heerkulka qolka) | Wanaagsan |
| Koloriid (godad/ dalool) | PREN 38-40; heerkulka muhiimka ah ee godka (CPT) ~50°C |
| H₂S + CO₂ + koloriin (adeeg dhanaan) | Aad u fiican; waafaqsan NACE MR0175 |
| asiidhyada dabiiciga ah (acetic, formic, iwm.) | Aad u fiican |
*Alloy 28 wuxuu ka sarreeyaa 316L, 904L, iyo xitaa 254SMO isku-darka aashitada + koloriin badan.*
2.5 Isku-xirka Bond
| Hantida | Qiimaha |
| Nooca curaarta | Birta (faafidda) |
| Xoogga xiirashada (riix) | ≥300 MPa (hubinta in aan la kala bixin karin marka la socdo wareegga kulaylka) |
| Xadka cilladaha la aqbali karo ee UT | Kala-furid la'aan > 50 mm; wadarta kala-furid la'aanta <2% aagga is-dhexgalka |
2.6 Kala duwanaanshaha cabbirka
| OD (mm) | MWT-ga Aasaasiga ah (mm) | Dahaarka WT (mm) | Dhererka ugu Badan (m) |
| 38.1 | 4.0 – 8.0 | 2.0 – 2.5 | 15 |
| 44.5 | 5.0 – 8.0 | 2.0 – 2.8 | 15 |
| 51.0 | 5.0 – 10.0 | 2.0 – 3.0 | 15 |
| 63.5 | 5.0 – 12.0 | 2.0 – 3.0 | 15 |
| 76.2 | 6.0 – 12.0 | 2.2 – 3.0 | 15 |
| 88.9 | 6.0 – 12.0 | 2.5 – 3.2 | 15 |
| 101.6 | 6.0 – 12.0 | 2.5 – 3.5 | 15 |
| 114.3 | 8.0 – 15.0 | 2.5 – 3.5 | 12 |
| 141.3 | 8.0 – 15.0 | 2.5 – 3.5 | 12 |
| 168.3 | 10.0 – 15.0 | 3.0 – 3.5 | 12 |
*Od weyn (ilaa 500 mm) oo suurtogal ah iyadoo la adeegsanayo isku-xidhka kulul ee duuban + JCOE; la xiriir si aad u hesho.*
3. Habka Wax Soo Saarka - Soo saarista Kulul, Dhammaystirka Qabowga, Daaweynta Kulaylka, Qajaarka
Wadada wax soo saarku waxay si gaar ah wax uga qabataa shuruudaha daaweynta kulaylka ee kala duwan ee martensitic T91 iyo austenitic Alloy 28.
| Tallaabo | Sharaxaad | Qodobbada Xakamaynta |
| 1. Billet isku dhafan | Billet T91 oo caajis ah, gelinta tuubada Alloy 28. Faakiyuumku wuu xiran yahay (<10 Pa). | Nadiifinta dusha sare; diiradda saarista |
| 2. Soo-saarid kulul | 1180 1220°C, saamiga dhimista ≥8:1. | Heerkulka, xawaaraha, saliidaynta |
| 3. Qaboojinta hawada | Ka dib marka la saaro, hawada tuubada ayaa qaboojisa (isbeddelka martensitic ayaa bilaabma). | Heerka qaboojinta |
| 4. Dhammaystirka qabow | Sawir qabow / u janjeera cabbirrada ugu dambeeya. | Baasas badan, anneal dhexdhexaad ah (jilicsan Alloy 28). |
| 5. Daaweynta kulaylka (muhiim ah) | Caadiyan heerkulka 1040-1060°C (hawada ama qaboojinta degdega ah) + heerkulbeegga 760-780°C. Tani waxay gaartaa qaab-dhismeedka ugu dambeeya ee T91 (martensite-ka la kululeeyay). Isla mar ahaantaana, dahaarka Alloy 28 ayaa la damiyaa. | Diiwaanka foornada, tijaabada adag |
| 6. Qajaar la shiiday | Bath-ka HNO₃+HF wuxuu ka saaraa miisaanka oksaydhka T91 iyo Alloy 28 labadaba. | Waqtiga, heerkulka, uruurinta aashitada |
| 7. Toosi oo jar | Sida dhererka kama dambaysta ah. | Toosnaan ≤1.5mm/m |
| 8. NDT iyo hydro | Qaybta 4aad | Raad-raac buuxa |
| 9. Dhammaystirka dhammaadka | Bevel / caadi ah; subag ikhtiyaari ah (Daawada 625 ama buuxinta Alloy 28 ee wejiga bevel). | Cabbir ahaan |
Sifada tayada muhiimka ah:Daawaynta kulaylka waxay soo saartaa xudunta T91 oo leh xoog si habboon u gurguurta iyo dahaadh Alloy 28 ah oo leh iska caabin buuxda oo daxalka ah, dhammaantoodna hal wareeg.
4. Kormeerka iyo Tijaabada - Buuxinta Shuruudaha ASME, EN, iyo Macaamiisha
Tuubada T91+Alloy 28 ee dahaarka leh, waxaanu hirgelinaynaa barnaamij adag, oo ay ku jiraan tijaabooyin si gaar ah ugu habboon adeegga heerkulka sare.
| Tijaabo | Heerka Caadiga ah | Baaxadda | Aqbalaadda |
| Falanqaynta kiimikada | OES | Kulayl kasta (asalka iyo dahaarka) | ASME SA-213 T91, ASTM SB-668 |
| Ultrasonic (dhererka iyo isku xirnaanta) | ASTM E213 + ISO 10893-10 | 100% | Ma jiro cillad la diidi karo, daacadnimada dammaanadda |
| Tijaabada Hydrostatic | ASME SA-450 / EN12952-2 | Tuubo kasta | Ma jiraan wax daadanaya, ballaarin joogto ah OK |
| Jilicsanaanta (heerkulka qolka) | ASME / EN | Kuleylkiiba (xudunta) | T91: YS≥415 MPa, TS≥585 MPa |
| Jilicsanaanta heerkulka sare | 600°C (ikhtiyaar) | Kulaylkiiba | Waa in la soo sheegaa (ma aha qeexitaan yar) |
| Tijaabada dillaaca qoynta | 600°C ama 650°C | Codsi kasta | Ikhtiyaar; si gaar ah ayaa loo dallacayaa |
| Adkaanta (asalka iyo dahaarka) | HV10 | Dufcad | T91 ≤250 HV; Daawaha 28 ≤230 HV |
| Tijaabada fidsanaanta | SA 450 | Kulayl / cabbirkiiba | Ma jiraan dildilaacyo marka 2/3 cadaadiska OD uu socdo |
| Daxalka Intergranular | ASTM A262 Practice E (oo ku taal Alloy 28) | Dufcaddiiba (ikhtiyaar) | Ma jiro weerar isku-dhafan |
| PMI (XRF) | Aqoonsiga walaxda togan | Tuubo kasta (ikhtiyaar ah) | Xaqiiji heerka daawaha |
Dukumentiyada:EN 10204 Nooca 3.1. Nooca 3.2 oo ay la socdaan kormeere dhinac saddexaad ah (SGS, BV, DNV, TÜV iwm.) oo la heli karo.
5. Codsiyada oo faahfaahsan
5.1 Kuleyliyaha ugu dambeeya ee kululeeyaha aadka u sarreeya / dib-u-kuleyliyaha
Dhibaatada:Gaaska dhuxusha ee dhuxusha badan leh wuxuu ka kooban yahay SO₃ kaas oo, inta lagu jiro culays yar ama bilawga, isu urura sida aashitada sulfuric ee dusha sare ee tuubada. Heerka T91 wuxuu la kulmaa daloolo iyo khasaaro.
Xalka:Tuubo T91+Alloy 28 ah oo leh Alloy 28 dhinaca dabka (ama gudaha haddii ay laba-dhaaf tahay). Xuddunta T91 waxay ilaalisaa xoogga gurguurashada 600-620°C; Alloy 28 waxay iska caabisaa weerarka aashitada. Dhowr warshadood oo koronto oo Shiinaha iyo Yurub ah ayaa qaatay naqshaddan.
5.2 Kuleyliyaha Soo Celinta Kulaylka Qashinka ee Warshadaha Aashitada Sulfuric
Geedi socodka:Gaaska habka kulul (600°C, oo ka kooban SO₂, SO₃) wuxuu galaa kuleyliyaha qashinka si uu u dhaliyo uumi. Inta lagu jiro xiritaanka, SO₃ wuxuu isku daraa qoyaanka si uu u sameeyo aashitada sulfuric ee xooggan, taas oo ku ururta tuubooyinka qabow.
Xalka:Dahaarka dahaarka 28 ee dhinaca gaaska (OD) ama ID iyadoo ku xiran naqshadda. T91 wuxuu bixiyaa iska caabinta lagama maarmaanka ah ee gurguurta. Isku-darkaani hadda waa mid caadi ah oo ku jira warshado badan oo cusub oo aashitada sulfuric ah.
5.3 Kuleyliyeyaasha Bayoolajiga / Qashinka-ilaa-Tamarta
Caqabad:Bayoolajiga (cawska cawska, jajabyada alwaaxa, shidaalka qashinka laga soo saaro) wuxuu ka kooban yahay koloriin (KCl, NaCl). Heerkulka 500-600°C, gaaska koloriinta iyo koloriinku si xun ayay u mirdheeyaan biraha caadiga ah, iyagoo sameeya koloriin birta ah iyo lumis biraha oo degdeg ah.
Xalka:Dahaarka dahaarka ee Alloy 28 (Ni sare, Mo, Cr) wuxuu iska caabiyaa weerarka koloriin. Xudunta T91 waxay ilaalisaa hufnaanta cadaadiska kuleyliyaha. Hawl wadeennadu waxay sheegeen in cimriga tuubooyinku uu ka kordhay 1-2 sano ilaa 6-8 sano ka dib markii loo beddelay tuubooyinka dahaarka leh.
5.4 Beddelayaasha Kulaylka Heerkulka Sare ee Haydarokarboonnada Koloriin ku jira
Tusaale:Warshadaha vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), gaasaska warshadaynta waxaa ku jira walxo chlorine ah iyo HCl oo heerkulkoodu yahay 400-450°C. Birta aan miridhku lahayn ee caadiga ah (304L) way ku guuldaraysataa inay qoddo oo SCC-na way ku fashilantaa. Dahaarka Alloy 28 wuxuu bixiyaa iska caabin heer sare ah. Xudunta T91 waxay bixisaa xoogga loo baahan yahay iyo iska caabinta gurguurta.
6. Faa'iidooyinka ka badan Naqshadaha Tartamaya
| Beddel | Sababta T91+Alloy 28 ay uga fiican tahay |
| Tuubo adag oo T91 ah | U nugul uritaanka aashitada, godadka, iyo weerarka koloriinta. Beddel joogto ah. |
| Tuubo adag oo ah 28 | Aad qaali u ah; xoog yar oo wax soo saar ah ayaa ku qasbaya derbi qaro weyn, taasoo kordhinaysa kharashka iyo miisaanka. |
| T91 oo leh dahaadh alxan ah oo ka samaysan Alloy 28 | Dahaarka waa qaali, gaabis, waana adag tahay in si isku mid ah loogu mariyo tuubooyinka dhexroorkoodu yar yahay; waxaa suurtogal ah in la kala diro dahaarka. Dahaarka wuxuu bixiyaa dahaar isku mid ah oo qiimo jaban ah. |
| Tuubo farsamo ku dahaaran | Dahaarka ayaa ku dhaca wareegga kulaylka (sida caadiga ah ee kuleyliyaha) - looma aqbali karo adeegga heerkulka sare. |
| Tuubo dahaadh ah oo 625 ah | Alloy 625 xitaa wuu ka qaalisan yahay Alloy 28 waxaana laga yaabaa in si xad dhaaf ah loogu cayimay deegaanno badan oo aashito ah. Alloy 28 wuxuu bixiyaa dheelitirnaan waxqabad oo heer sare ah. |
Kaydinta kharashka:Marka la barbardhigo tuubooyinka adag ee Alloy 28 ee leh isla heerka cadaadiska, tuubada T91+Alloy 28 ee la dahaadhay waxay hoos u dhigtaa qiimaha agabka iyadoo la adeegsanayo50-60%(sababtoo ah T91 wuxuu leeyahay xoog sare, taasoo u oggolaanaysa derbi khafiif ah, daawahana waxaa loo isticmaalaa oo keliya dahaarka khafiifka ah).
7. Hubinta Tayada iyo Raadinta
●Raadinta:Labada kuleyl ee T91 iyo Alloy 28 waa la duubay oo lagu shaabadeeyay tuubo kasta oo la dhammeeyay. Dhammaan shahaadooyinka alaab-qeybiyaha (3.1) waa la hayaa.
● Xakamaynta habka:Heerkulka sii deynta, xawaaraha sii deynta, jaantusyada daaweynta kulaylka, iyo xuduudaha qubeyska soo saarista dhammaantood waa la diiwaangeliyey.
● Kormeerka dhinac saddexaad:Waxaan sahlaynaa markhaati-furka SGS, BV, DNV, TÜV, ama ABS marxalad kasta (helitaanka agabka, soo saarista, NDT kama dambaysta ah). Shahaadooyinka EN 10204 Nooca 3.2 ayaa si waafaqsan loo bixiyay.
8. Baakadeynta iyo Rarista
●Xaaladda dusha sare:La shiiday oo la shiiday - diyaar u ah rakibid. Saliidaynta dibadda waa ikhtiyaari.
●Ilaalinta dhammaadka:Koofiyado balaastig ah (koofiyado bir ah oo loogu talagalay dhexroorka waaweyn).
●Xidhmo:Dhexroor yar (<88.9 mm) oo ku jira xirmooyin hex ah oo leh meelo kala fog oo alwaax ah. Dhexroorka waaweyn si gaar ah ayaa loo gooyay.
●Weel:Weelasha 20′ ama 40′. Dhererka ka badan 12 mitir, fur fur ama raafka fidsan.
●Waqtiga hogaaminta:Dalabka koowaad 16-20 toddobaad (sababtoo ah ilo gaar ah oo daawaha ah). Ku celi dalabaadka 12-14 toddobaad. Dufcadaha tijaabada ah (100 200 m) ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka dhaqso badan yihiin - weydii.
9. Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo (Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo) - Tuubada T91+Alloy 28 ee La Xiray
S1: Waa maxay heerkulka ugu sarreeya ee adeegga tuubadan dahaarka leh?
A: Xudunta T91 waxaa lagu qiimeeyay heerkulka birta ilaa heerkulka ilaa650°C(1202°F) halkii ASME Qaybta I (xoogga gurguurta ayaa xukuma). Dahaarka Alloy 28 wuxuu u adkeysan karaa heerkul isku mid ah, laakiin iska caabbinta daxalka ayaa laga yaabaa in la dhimo marka loo eego 450°C haddii deegaanku aad u daxal badan yahay. Inta badan codsiyada kuleyliyaha (600-620°C), labaduba waa la aqbali karaa.
S2: Alloy 28 ma ku habboon yahay cufnaanta sare ee aashitada sulfuric?
J: Haa. Alloy 28 wuxuu muujiyaa iska caabin aad u fiican oo ku wajahan aashitada sulfuric ilaa 80% fiirsashada iyo heerkulka ilaa 80°C. Kuleyliyaha kulaylka qashinka, aashitada isku-darka ah badanaa waa 60-70% H₂SO₄ heerkul ka hooseeya 200°C - Alloy 28 si fiican ayuu u shaqeeyaa.
S3: Ma rogi karnaa lakabyada - Alloy 28 ma dhigi karnaa OD iyo T91 aqoonsiga?
J: Haa, haddii khatarta daxalka ay ka timaaddo dibadda (tusaale ahaan, gaaska qiiqa ee dibadda). Waxaan soo saari karnaa tuubo dahaadh leh oo leh lakabka CRA ee dhexroorka dibadda. Fadlan tilmaan jihada marka loo kala horreeyo.
S4: Ma samaysaa tijaabooyin heerkul sare ah oo lagu riixo ama lagu sameeyo googooyo?
J: Si joogto ah uma darno, laakiin waxaan diyaarin karnaa muunado cabbir ahaan loo qaybiyay oo laga soo qaaday tuubo la soo saaray (burburisay) oo kharash dheeraad ah lagu daray. Tijaabooyinka gurguurta ee dhinac saddexaad uu arkay, fadlan u oggolow waqti dheeraad ah (4-6 toddobaad) iyo kharash.
S5: Bir noocee ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa alxanka tuubada T91+Alloy 28 ee la dahaadhay?
A: Wixii xididka marinaya (dahaarka ilaa dahaarka), isticmaal Alloy 625 (ERNiCrMo-3) ama buuxinta Alloy 59. Wixii buuxinta ah (asalka T91 ilaa T91), isticmaal buuxinta T91 ee u dhiganta (E9015-B9 ama wax la mid ah). Waxaan kugula talineynaa hab alxan oo u qalma (WPS) oo loogu talagalay kala-goys kasta oo goob ah; Womic waxay bixin kartaa muunad WPS ah marka la codsado.
S6: Dahaarka Alloy 28 ma la mid yahay NACE MR0175 si loogu adeego dhanaan?
J: Haa. Dalooy 28 (UNS N08028) waxaa lagu taxay NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 ilaa 450°C jawi dhanaan. Waxay u adkaysataa SSC iyo HIC. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa cadaadis qayb ahaan H₂S oo sarreeya.
S7: Tuubada dahaarka leh ma la heli karaa iyadoo leh darafyo godan iyo subag CRA ah?
J: Haa. Xagasha caadiga ah ee bevel waa 30-35° oo leh 1.6 mm oo soo degitaan ah. Waxaan ku dhejin karnaa lakab subag ah (Alloy 28 ama Alloy 625) wejiga bevel, oo qiyaastii 2-3 mm dhumucdiisu tahay, si looga hortago in dahaarka la dhalaaliyo inta lagu jiro alxanka goobta.
S8: Waa maxay dhumucda OD iyo derbiga caadiga ah ee tuubooyinka kuleyliyaha bayoolajiga?
A: Caadiyan OD 51-76 mm, core WT 5-8 mm, dahaadhkeeduna waa 2-2.5 mm. Fadlan nala soo xiriir si aad u hesho baahiyahaaga cabbirka gaarka ah.
S9: Ma tahay walaac laga qabo kaarboonka laga soo qaado T91 una gudbiyo Alloy 28 inta lagu jiro soo saarista?
J: Maya. Habka fidinta wuxuu sameeyaa aag aad u cidhiidhi ah oo faafin ah (badanaa 5-10 μm). Halabuurka Alloy 28 wuxuu ku jiraa qeexitaan; waxaan ku xaqiijineynaa PMI. Khatarta dareen-celinta waa mid aan la dafiri karin.
S10: Ma bixin kartaa shahaadooyinka EN 10204 Nooca 3.2 ee tuubadan dahaarka leh?
J: Haa. Waxaan diyaarin karnaa kormeer dhinac saddexaad ah iyadoo la adeegsanayo TÜV, BV, DNV, ama SGS. Fadlan tilmaan waqtiga dalabka.
10. Macluumaadka Dalbashada iyo Xiriirka
Si aad u hesho xigasho ku saabsantuubbo bir-dhalaal ah oo aan kala go 'lahayn oo SA-213 T91 / UNS N08028 (Alloy 28) ah oo leh bir-dhalaal aan kala go' lahayn, fadlan bixi:
● Dhumucda derbiga xudunta u ah, dhumucda dahaarka
● Dhererka gabal kasta iyo wadarta dhererka
● Jihaynta (CRA oo ku saabsan Aqoonsiga ama OD)
● Shahaadooyinka loo baahan yahay (3.1 ama 3.2, hay'ad saddexaad)
● Muddada keenista (FOB ama CIF)
● Tijaabooyin dheeraad ah (carqalado, daxal dhexmara, tabar heer sare ah)
Womic Steel - Soo saaraha ugu horreeya ee tuubooyinka heerkulka sare leh ee loogu talagalay isticmaalka tamarta iyo kiimikada ee baahida badan leh
Mareegta: www.womicsteel.com
Iimayl: sales@womicsteel.com
Taleefan / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568
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